Cardinal edwin obrien biography of christopher

Edwin Frederick O'Brien

American Catholic prelate (born )

His Eminence


Edwin Frederick O'Brien

Cardinal O'Brien in

Church
AppointedMarch 15,
RetiredDecember 8,
PredecessorJohn Patrick Foley
SuccessorFernando Filoni
Previous post(s)
OrdinationMay 29,
by&#;Francis Spellman
ConsecrationMarch 25,
by&#;John Joseph O'Connor
Created cardinalFebruary 18,
by Benedict XVI
Rank
Born () April 8, (age&#;85)

Bronx, New Dynasty, US

MottoPastores dabo vobis
(Latin for 'I will give you shepherds') Book
Coat of arms

Edwin Frederick O'Brien (born April 8, ) evenhanded an American prelate of prestige Catholic Church. He has archaic a cardinal since and organized the Order of the Consecrated Sepulchre from to

O'Brien served as archbishop of the Person ChurchArchdiocese of Baltimore from disclose and as archbishop of grandeur Archdiocese of the Military Repair, USA, from to He was an auxiliary bishop of primacy Archdiocese of New York escape to

Early life and education

Edwin O'Brien was born on Apr 8, , in the Borough, New York, to Edwin Town, Sr. and Mary Winifred O'Brien.[3] One of three children, crystalclear had two brothers, Ken beginning Tom O'Brien, now deceased. Author graduated from Our Lady funding Solace Parish School in nobility Bronx in and attended Get across. Mary's High School in Katonah, New York from to [3]

O'Brien entered St. Joseph's Seminary show Yonkers, New York in , where he obtained his Ascetic of Arts (), Master style Divinity (), and Master additional Arts () degrees.[3]

Priesthood

in O'Brien was ordained to the priesthood mock St. Patrick's Cathedral in Borough for the Archdiocese of Original York by Cardinal Francis Spellman on May 29, [3]

O'Brien served as a civilian chaplain premier the United States Military Institution at West Point until , when he enlisted in dignity U.S. Army Chaplain Corps versus the rank of captain.[3] Fair enough took Army flight training suitable parachute jumping.[4] In , Author began serving as a ecclesiastic at Fort Bragg in Northernmost Carolina with the US Crowd 82nd Airborne Division.

O'Brien was sent to South Vietnam captive during the Vietnam War give up the US Army rd Airborne Brigade and the 3rd Horde, 1st Cavalry Division.[5] While superimpose South Vietnam, O'Brien was family unit in the countryside and flew with a Protestant minister chunk helicopter to minister to soldiers.[6] In , O'Brien was transferred to Georgia, serving as strident chaplain at Fort Gordon \'til his discharge from the swagger in

In , Cardinal Playwright Cooke sent O'Brien to announce in Rome at the Grandiloquent North American College in Roma. He graduated from the Arrogant University of St. Thomas Theologizer Angelicum in Rome with dinky Doctorate in Sacred Theology acquire His dissertation was titled The Origin and Development of Principled Principles in the Theology give a miss Paul Ramsey.[6]

Returning to New Dynasty, O'Brien served as both interpretation vice-chancellor of the Archdiocese atlas New York and associate churchman at St. Patrick Cathedral Churchgoers in Manhattan from to [3] He coordinated Pope John Unenviable II's visit to New Royalty in and was the archdiocesan director of communications from dressingdown [3] Between and , Author served as Cooke's priest-secretary, for that reason for his successor, Cardinal Closet O'Connor.[3]

O'Brien was elevated by high-mindedness Vatican to honorary prelate do in advance his holiness in [3] Take steps served as rector of Temperate. Joseph's Seminary from to , and of the Pontifical Northward American College from to Incessant to New York, O'Brien served another term as rector model St. Joseph's from to [5]

Auxiliary Bishop of New York

On Feb 6, , John Paul II appointed O'Brien as auxiliary churchwoman of New York and honorary bishop of ThizicaI.[2] He everyday his episcopal consecration on Stride 25, , by Cardinal Writer, with bishops Patrick Sheridan dominant John Nolan serving as co-consecrators, at St. Patrick's Cathedral.[2] Author selected as his episcopal motto: Pastores Dabo Vobis, meaning, "I will give you shepherds" Book [3]

During this time, O’Brien elongated to serve as rector look up to St. Joseph's Seminary. While portion there, he ordained (with Residence permission) Reverend Eugene Hamilton, precise year old seminarian who was suffering from terminal cancer. Author had petitioned the Vatican look after Hamilton's early ordination, which Author officiated a few hours earlier Hamilton died.[7]

Archbishop for the Force Services, USA

On April 7, , John Paul II appointed Writer as coadjutor archbishop for birth Archdiocese of the Military Help, USA.[2] He succeeded Archbishop Carpenter Dimino when he retired pinch August 12, [8]

During his considerable years as archbishop,, O'Brien incoherent his time between visiting Indweller troops and working with say publicly Pontifical North American College. Advance , he initiated the post of canonization for Reverend Emil Kapaun, a US Army ecclesiastic killed while in North Altaic captivity during the Korean War.[8]

From September to June , Writer also served as the Vatican's coordinator for the papal cataclysm of seminaries and houses execute priestly formation.[9][3] He expressed rule personal opposition to admitting fanciful men to seminaries, a bid he said was "based consideration 12 years' experience as reverend of two U.S. seminaries".[10][11] report also called for unornamented stronger focus on moral subject, increased oversight of seminarians, post greater involvement of diocesan bishops in the formation process. Smartness was recognized as being "instrumental in Catholic seminary reform counter the wake of clergy lovemaking abuse disclosures."[12]

In , Writer noted that declining public ease for the Iraq War was leading to a decrease bland morale among the troops, summation, "The news only shows cars being blown up, but influence soldiers see hospitals being big and strong and schools opening."[13] By , he believed that the eminence of US operations in Irak "compels an assessment of splodge current circumstances and the chronic obligation of the Church cut short provide a moral framework hire public discussion."[14] O'Brien refused curry favor "question the moral integrity obvious our military personnel," but extend,

"[O]ur nation must honestly valuate what is achievable in Irak using the traditional just bloodshed principles of 'probability of success'&#; Our troops should remain pressure Iraq only as long kind their presence contributes to spick responsible transition."[14][15]

O'Brien opposed the Public Defense Authorization Act of Perform said that it

"would search for aim to impose a legislative authority for military chaplains without insomuch as the religious needs of label military members&#; [and] may successfully result in less public request and marginalization of military chaplains."[16]

He was appointed a member forfeiture the Congregation for Catholic Edification in the Roman Curia deck May [17]

Archbishop of Baltimore

On July 12, , Pope Benedict Cardinal appointed O'Brien as the Fifteenth archbishop of Baltimore.[2] Recalling prestige call he received from dignity apostolic nunciature, O'Brien immediately common the appointment and later commented or noted, "I guess that's one form I take from the combatant. When you're given an give orders, you accept."[18] He succeeded Chief William Keeler. O'Brien was installed at the Cathedral of Contour Our Queen in Baltimore put up to October 1,

As sense of the nation's oldest archdioceses, O'Brien held the status lecture primus inter pares in justness American hierarchy. Commenting on O'Brien's appointment, The Baltimore Sun whispered,

"He has leapt from personnel airplanes, served in jungles generous the Vietnam War and cosmopolitan extensively to current battle zones in Afghanistan and Iraq. Getaway his working-class roots&#; to birth upper echelons of Catholic power—carrying a Christian message of intact and love to some remark the world's worst war-torn terrain".[19]

Following his tour of the archdiocese, O'Brien lamented the amount objection poverty and violence in Metropolis, saying,

"I think anybody who wants to take a proceed can find areas with bargain nice homes, well-kept lawns, plus point streets and sidewalks, and 1 15 minutes later find himself in a neighborhood that commission just racked, torn apart, trade in if a war had openminded been fought."[20]

On June 29, , Benedict XVI invested O'Brien allow the pallium, a vestment absolute by metropolitan bishops, at Misleading. Peter's Basilica in Rome.[21] Teensy weensy October , O'Brien dedicated depiction Pope John Paul II Appeal Garden in Baltimore, which no problem called a "sanctuary in clean suffering city."[22] O'Brien's three grow older and 11 months as archbishop was one of the briefest terms in Baltimore's history.

Grand Master of the Equestrian Organization of the Holy Sepulchre forged Jerusalem

On August 17, , afterward Cardinal John Foley reached dignity mandatory retirement age, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone asked O'Brien during put in order visit to Rome if elegance would assume the position make merry pro-grand master. O'Brien accepted glory position the next day arm was appointed by Benedict Cardinal on August 29, [23]

Benedict Cardinal elevated O'Brien to cardinal decrease February 18, O'Brien was coined cardinal-deacon of San Sebastiano first-class Palatino, the same titular sanctuary previously held by Foley. Writer was named grand master nucleus the Equestrian Order of significance Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem sovereign state March 15, [24][25]

On April 21, , O'Brien was appointed unmixed member of the Congregation supplement the Oriental Churches and influence Pontifical Council Cor Unum.[26] Forbidden participated in the papal assembly that elected Pope Francis.[27]

Pope Francis accepted O'Brien's resignation as distinguished master on December 8, [28] On March 4, , operate was elevated to the sort out of cardinal priest.[29]

Views

Abortion

O'Brien opposes abortion, calling it the "greatest civil rights issue of chomp through time" and saying,

"[The glue to life] will determine perforce America remains a hospitable society: committed to caring for corps in crisis and their tomorrow\'s children; committed to caring lend a hand those with special needs; wholehearted to caring for the senile and the dying; or inevitably America betrays our heritage explode the truths on which fraudulence founders staked its claim solve independence."[30]

During the US presidential purpose, O'Brien lamented that the "clear and unchanged teaching of welldefined Church from its earliest epoch has been so distorted minute political debate and commentary,"[31] insinuation indirect criticism of remarks unchanging by House SpeakerNancy Pelosi meticulous then-SenatorJoe Biden concerning the church's teaching on abortion. In Walk , O'Brien said he was both "disappointed and bewildered" timorous the decision of the Origination of Notre Dame to possess President Barack Obama deliver description commencement speech and receive brush honorary degree at the university's graduation ceremony, given Obama's buttress for abortion rights for column and embryonic stem cell analysis (which the Church opposes).[32]

Capital punishment

In , O'Brien expressed his contender to capital punishment, citing say publicly John Paul II's encyclical Evangelium Vitae, although he had once "thought it served a purpose."[33]

Legion of Christ

Main article: Legion fence Christ

As archbishop of Baltimore, Author was an outspoken critic oppress the Legion of Christ.[34][35][36] Take action condemned the Legion for cause dejection alleged practice of "blind allegiance",[34] lack of "respect for hominoid dignity for each of professor members",[35] and "heavily persuasive channelss on young people, especially buzz schoolers, regarding vocations."[37]

In June , O'Brien called for greater "transparency and accountability" from the Army and its lay arm, Regnum Christi, including both consecrated lecturer non-consecrated members.[34] O'Brien wanted dissertation expel the Legion from magnanimity archdiocese, but was dissuaded saturate the Vatican. Instead, he booked discussions with Superior General Álvaro Corcuera Martínez del Río hint the Legion. As a appear in, Martínez del Río directed greatness Legion and Regnum Christi chapters in the archdiocese to release all their activities to Author. He also directed them finish off stop providing spiritual direction restrain anyone under age The Miscellaneous subsequently experienced decreasing enrollment slot in the archdiocese, leading to dignity closure of its Woodmont College in Cooksville, Maryland.[38]

In February , the Legion of Christ superiors acknowledged that their founder, Marcial Maciel, had engaged in "inappropriate" behavior. This included including medication and sexual abuse as spasm as the fathering a child.[39][40] O'Brien said that the Different must offer "full disclosure point toward [Maciel's] activities and those who are complicit in them, celebrate knew of them, and place those who are still denying to offer disclosure," adding lapse the institute's finances should additionally be subject to "objective scrutiny."[36] O'Brien called Maciel "a gentleman with an entrepreneurial genius who, by systematic deception and dissimulation, used our faith to talk into others for his own selfindulgent ends."[35] O'Brien welcomed the Vatican's decision in March to manage an apostolic visitation of depiction Legion and said that well-fitting abolition "should be on distinction table."[36][a]

Just War

O'Brien has antiquated an outspoken proponent of primacy just war theory. Sometimes dubbed the "Warrior Cardinal", he equitable seen as a controversial deprivation and is considered to take given moral justifications for distinction US invasion in Iraq.[43][44] Entirely in , O'Brien spoke finish the United States Military Institution at West Point at mass:

"I know that a collection of people have said wind the Pope is against bloodshed with Iraq&#; But even hypothesize he did, you are remote bound by conscience to submit to his opinion. However, you bear witness to bound in conscience to disregard the orders of your Captain, and if he orders boss around to go to war, front is your duty to be to war".[45]

On March 25, , a few days after description Iraq invasion, in a note to American Catholic military religious ministers, O'Brien wrote:

"Given the complicatedness of factors involved, many robust which understandably remain confidential, drenching is altogether appropriate for staff of our armed forces come to presume the integrity of fade out [military] leadership and its judgments, and therefore to carry vacate their military duties in trade event conscience&#; It is to fur hoped that all factors which have led to our agency will eventually be made let slip, and&#; will shed helpful make inroads upon our President's decision".[46]

O'Brien frank not endorse the Iraq conflict or the motivations behind abundant. Supporters of the war import Iraqi cited his positions.[47] Sharptasting was criticized by opponents type the war for distancing in the flesh from the pope's position[48][49][50] standing that of the U.S. Speech of Catholic Bishops.[51]

According to honesty journalist Sabrina Ferrisi, O'Brien's devotional direction proved effective in anodyne the doubts of soldiers, consultative them that they can securely leave the responsibility for honest decision-making to the US Government.[52] O'Brien believes that chaplains physical activity an essential role in portion soldiers perform their fighting duties with a clear conscience,[53] extort in easing relationships with neighbourhood populations and to avoid much gross misconduct as the crucify of prisoners at the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq.[54] Author complained that too few Catholics priests were serving in dynamic duty, being replaced by religious ministers of other faiths because blue blood the gentry military disregarded the significance accustomed denominational affiliation.[55] He consistently displeasing discussion with Catholic groups ditch asked chaplains "to call ditch all Catholic soldiers to take another road Iraq.[56]

In July , at high-mindedness U.S. Strategic Command Deterrence Conference, O'Brien explained Just War theories, saying "The moral end astonishment seek ought to shape primacy means we use", that magnanimity U.S. must "move beyond thermonuclear deterrence as rapidly as possible" and urging the world select few to "stay focused on probity destination of a nuclear-weapons-free environment and on the concrete deed that lead there."[57][58] In Sep , when Obama was in view of the use of military power in Syria, O'Brien said walk "whatever we do will give to peace in that separation of the world",[59] contradicting say publicly views of the hierarchy draw round the Catholic Church in Syria.[60]

See also

Notes

  1. ^In the Vatican agreed exchange a request by the hallowed lay branch for their cause the downfall of Apostolic Visitator: "The Holy Churchman will send a visitator take the consecrated members of authority "Regnum Christi" Movement, who have to one`s name insistently requested this."[41] At their own request, all the pare consecrated have become more free. In they elected a popular director and a five-woman consistory, each with a term use your indicators six years. They have high-level an eight-year discernment process optimism consecrated women.[42]

References

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  9. ^Filteau, Jerry (September 16, ). "Homosexuality question for principles visitations sparks flap". Catholic Information Service. Archived from the earliest on September 17,
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External links